Subsurface water is distributed beneath the Earth's surface in distinct zones based on the degree of water saturation and its interaction with soil and rock. These zones are the zone of aeration and the zone of saturation.
Location:
Characteristics:
Sub-divisions:
Location:
Characteristics:
Zone | Location | Water Content | Key Features |
---|---|---|---|
Zone of Aeration | Surface to the water table | Partially saturated (water + air) | Supports plant roots, contains soil moisture. |
Zone of Saturation | Below the water table | Fully saturated (water only) | Contains groundwater, source for aquifers. |
The zone of aeration is crucial for ecological and agricultural activities, while the zone of saturation is the primary reservoir for groundwater resources. Together, they define the vertical structure of subsurface water and play critical roles in Earth's water cycle.