Chemical Bond It is defined as the attractive forces which hold the various chemical constituents (atoms, ions, etc.) together in different chemical species. Bond forms to get the stability. with a release of energy. Kossel-Lewis Approach...

Hitherto five states of matter are known, viz, solid, liquid, gas, plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate. Out of these solid, liquid and gas are commonly found while remaining two are found only under specific conditions. Interconversion of States...

Classification of Elements With the discovery of a large number of elements, it became difficult to study the elements individually, so classification of elements was done to make the study easier. Earlier Attempts to Classify Elements Many...

Atom John Dalton proposed (in 1808) that atom is the smallest indivisible particle of matter. Atomic radii are of the order of 10-8cm. It contain three subatomic particles namely electrons, protons and neutrons, Electron Electron was...

Chemistry It is the branch of science which deals with the composition, structure and properties of matter. Antoine Laurent Lavoisier is called the father of chemistry. Branches of Chemistry In addition to these biochemistry, war...

Displacement Current It is a current which produces in the region in which the electric field and hence the electric flux changes with time. Displacement current, ID = εo . dφE / dt where, φE is the...

It is the branch of science which deals with the electron flow through a vacuum, gas or semiconductor. Classification of substances on the basis of conduction of electricity. Solid We know that, each substance is composed of atoms....

Nucleus The entire positive charge and nearly the entire mass of atom is concentrated in a very small space called the nucleus of an atom. The nucleus consists of protons and neutrons. They are called nucleons. Terms Related to...

Dalton’s Atomic Theory All elements are consists of very small invisible particles, called atoms. Atoms of same element are exactly same and atoms of different element are different. Thomson’s Atomic Model Every atom is...

Cathode Rays Cathode rays are the stream of fast moving electrons. These rays are produced in a discharge tube at a pressure below 0.01 rom of mercury. Properties of Cathode Rays (i) Cathode rays are not electromagnetic rays. (ii)...