Amines constitute an important class of organic compounds derived by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms ofNH 3 molecule by alkyl/aryl group(s). In the IUPAC system, the amines are regarded as alkanamines, e.g., Structure The...

In aldehydes, the carbonyl group ( )C=O) is bonded to carbon and hydrogen, while in the ketones, it is bonded to two carbon atoms Nature of Carbonyl Group The carbon and oxygen of the carbonyl group are Sp2 hybridised and the carbonyl...

Alcohols and Phenols Alcohols and phenols are formed when a hydrogen atom in hydrocarbon, aliphatic and aromatic respectively, is replaced by hydroxyl group (-OR group). Classification of Alcohols and Phenols In alcohols, -OR group is...

The replacement of hydrogen atom(s) in hydrocarbon, aliphatic or aromatic, by halogen atom(s) results in the formation of alkyl halide (haloalkane) and aryl halide (haloarene), respectively. Classification of Halogen Derivatives On the basis...

Coordination compounds are those addition molecular compounds which retain their identity in solid state as well as in dissolved state. In these compounds. the central metal atom or ion is linked by ions or molecules with coordinate bonds. e.g.,...

The d-block of the Periodic Table contains the elements of the groups 3-12 in which the d·orbitals are progressively filled. There are mainly three series of the elements, 3d-series (Sc to Zn) 4d-series (Y to Cd) and 5d-series (La to Hg...

Earth crust is the source of many elements. Out of these elements, 70% are metals. Aluminium is the most abundant metal of earth crust and iron comes second. The percentage of different elements in earth crust are O-49%, Si-26%, Al-7.5%,...

Surface Chemistry is the branch of chemistry which deals with the phenomenon that occurs on the surfaces or interfaces, such phenomenon includes corrosion. catalysis, crystallisation, etc Adsorption Due to unbalanced attraction forces,...

The branch of chemistry, which deals with the rate of chemical reactions. the factors affecting the rate of reactions and the mechanism of the reaction. is called chemical kinetics. Chemical Reactions on the Basis of Rate of...

Electrochemistry is that branch of chemistry which deals with the study of production of electricity from energy released during spontaneous chemical reactions and the use of electrical energy to bring about non-spontaneous chemical...