DPP - 01NIOS : Daily Practice Problems - Environmental Science (333) - 31/10/2021

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Q1. Define the terms : Ecology, niche, species, extinction.
Q2. What do you understand by ‘Variation and Natural Selection’? In what way do they interact to cause evolution?
Q3. What is the role of isolation in the formation of new species and keeping them distinct.
Q4. In what ways have humans caused the extinction of species?
Q5. What do you understand by (i) natality (ii) speciation (iii) mutation (iv) extinction
Q6. Explain ‘ecological succession’.
Q7. State and explain community characteristics.
Q8. What are (i) climax community and (ii) pioneer species?
Q9. Write an essay on biotic interaction.
Q10. Define biotic Interaction. Describe any one type of positive, negative and neutral quotation
Q11. Define the following terms.
(i) Autotrophs
(ii) Heterotrophs
(iii) Primary carnivores
(iv) Saprotophs
(v) Omnivores
Q12. Give reasons whether the following statements are true or false.
(i) Food chains are more stable than food webs.
(ii) Pyramids of energy are never inverted where as pyramid of biomass may be inverted
(iii) A detritus food chain begins with autotrophs.
(iv) Phytoplankton is the term applied to floating organisms in a pond.
(v) Aphotic is the upper zone of a pond.
Q13. Give reasons for the following statements:
(i) We see more wall lizards near the tube light during summer.
(ii) Energy pyramids are never inverted.
(iii) We can not directly use atmospheric nitrogen.
(iv) There is higher concentration of cabon dioxide in the aphotic zone.
(v) Food chains have a limited number of steps
Q14. What is an ecosystem? Explain its structural components.
Q15. Define decomposers and give their role in sustaining an ecosystem.
Q16. Why are ecosystems dynamic in nature? Give the various functional components of an ecosystem.
Q17. What is an ecological pyramid? Define and differentiate between different pyramid of energy and pyramid of numbers.
Q18. List the various steps of nitrogen cycle in a sequence.
Q19. The following organisms were identified in a pond ecosystem-Spirogyra, Euglena, Hydra, Daphnia, arthropod larvae, bass and sunfish. Make a food web and identify the trophic level of each one of them.
Q20. What do you understand by natural ecosystem ? Give examples.
Q21. Give differences between the following:
a. Alpine and arctic tundra
b. Savanna and prairie
c. Tropical and temperate forests
Q22. What do you understand by biodiversity? Explain its significance.
Q23. Give two desert adaptations of plants and animals.
Q24. Describe the various types of forest found in India (in brief).
Q25. Explain various zones of Himalayas.
Q26. Write short note on grassland and deserts found in India.
Q27. Explain how deforestation has resulted in ecological imbalance.
Q28. What is an ecotone? Explain its significance for the edge species.
Q30. Give two methods of protecting natural ecosystems.