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Bihar Election 2025 – Complete Guide
Everything you need to know about the upcoming Assembly elections in Bihar: schedule, voter data, major parties, key issues and what to watch.
The 2025 Bihar Assembly Elections are for the 18th Legislative Assembly of Bihar, covering all 243 seats. With major national and regional players in the fray, this election is closely watched both politically and socially.
Key Facts & Figures
Election Schedule in Brief
The schedule issued by the Election Commission of India (ECI) shows:
- Gazette notification for Phase 1: 10 October 2025
- Last date for nominations: Phase 1 – 17 Oct; Phase 2 – 20 Oct
- Polling: 6 Nov (121 seats) & 11 Nov (122 seats)
- Counting & results: 14 Nov 2025
Note: The number of seats in each phase (121 and 122) has been reported by several sources.
Voter Roll Revision & Polling Booths
Before the polls, the ECI conducted a “Special Intensive Revision” (SIR) of the electoral rolls in Bihar:
- Electoral roll reduced from ~7.8 crore to ~7.42 crore after revision.
- The ceiling for electors per polling station has been revised: no more than 1,200 electors per booth.
- Total polling stations: around 90,712 after adding ~12,817 new booths.
Major Parties & Alliances
The key contest in Bihar 2025 is between two broad fronts:
- Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) & allies (part of the National Democratic Alliance – NDA) — led by Nitish Kumar’s partner party in Bihar.
- Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) & allies (part of the Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance / the “Mahagathbandhan”) — led by Tejashwi Yadav.
- Other parties and new entrants: including regional parties and independent candidates making local impact.
With power at stake and 243 assembly seats, both sides are intensifying campaigning across the state.
Key Issues to Watch
Governance & Development
How effective have previous governments been in delivering economic growth, job creation, infrastructure investment and social welfare in Bihar? Many voters focus on improvement in transport, education, healthcare.
Electoral Integrity
Given the large scale voter-roll revision and new rules (booth size, web-casting), transparency and fair play are high on agenda.
Youth & First-Time Voters
With millions of first-time voters and increasing youth participation, parties are emphasizing their outreach to younger demographic segments.
Social & Caste Dynamics
Bihar’s politics has strong overlap with caste and community identities. How alliances are formed and voters mobilised along these lines will matter significantly.
Women Voters & Voter Convenience
Electoral reforms include better facilities for women voters, senior citizens, Persons with Disabilities (PwDs) and more accessible polling setups.
What to Expect & Why It Matters
The outcome of Bihar 2025 isn’t just important for the state — it carries national political significance too. The winner will command 243 seats and shape governance, policy, social welfare and alliances for years ahead.
• A major state in India’s eastern belt with large electorate.
• Strong regional parties plus national players competing.
• Reforms and polling innovations may set precedent.
Once voting finishes and counting happens on 14 November, all eyes will be on how many seats each alliance secures, how vote-shares have shifted, and what that means for future Indian politics.
